How to identify Slipper orchids (Cypripedium)

Photo By Jason Sturner , used under CC-BY-2.0 /Cropped and compressed from original

How to identify Slipper orchids (Cypripedium)

Slipper orchids, also known as Steeple cap, Camel's foot, Squirrel foot, Whippoorwill shoe

Slipper orchids is noted for its large, showy flowers that resemble the silhouette of a slipper or pouch, which is a distinctive characteristic of these orchids. The blooms come in various shades, often vibrant pinks, yellows, or greens, with intricate patterns and richly hued veins. Their twisted petals and hairs add to their unique charm. Slipper orchids typically features clumps of broad, pleated leaves, which are several inches long. The plants grow on average between 6 to 15 inches tall (15 to 38 cm).

Lifespan: Perennial

Plant Type: Herb

Leaf Type: Deciduous

Quickly Identify Slipper orchids

Large, slipper-shaped flowers in vibrant colors like pink and yellow.

Twisted petals and intricate patterns with richly hued veins.

Pleated, broad leaves measuring 6 to 15 inches (15 to 38 cm) long.

Erect, unbranched stem 12-24 inches (30-60 cm) tall with slight reddish hue.

Smooth, elliptical leaves with parallel veins crucial for identification.

Detailed Traits of Slipper orchids

Leaf Features

Slipper orchids leaves are light green with parallel veins on the upper surface. Measuring 3-6 inches (7.5-15 cm) in length and 1-2 inches (2.5-5 cm) in width, they appear mostly along the stem and at the base. Each leaf base clasps the stem for support. The leaves are elliptic to lanceolate, providing a distinctive texture. The parallel veins offer a unique visual characteristic, crucial for identifying slipper orchids.

Learn About the Leaf Glossary

Flower Features

The flowers of slipper orchids exhibit a striking, large, sac-like lower lip, resembling a pocket or slipper, accompanied by narrow, spreading flower parts. These blooms can be found in shades of yellow, pink, and white. Each stem supports 1 or 2 flowers, occasionally 3. A single leafy bract is located behind each flower. Blooms typically measure 1.5-2 inches (4-5 cm) across, and the unique structure aids in pollination. They generally bloom in late spring to early summer, emitting a mild fragrance.

Learn About the Flower Glossary

Stem Features

The stem of slipper orchids is unbranched, typically reaching a height of 12-24 inches (30-60 cm). It is erect, slender, and green, sometimes exhibiting a slight reddish hue. The texture is smooth, with no significant hairiness or roughness. The thickness varies but generally falls between 0.2-0.4 inches (0.5-1 cm) in diameter. The stem is sturdy and supports the plant's leaves and flowers, contributing to its overall structure and stability.

Learn About the Stem Glossary

Fruit Features

The fruit of slipper orchids is a dry capsule with a plump, elliptical shape, usually measuring about 2-3 inches (5-7.5 cm) in length. Upon maturation, the capsule changes from a green hue to a brownish or yellowish tone, depending on the specific variety. Its surface texture is relatively smooth with a shiny or sometimes slightly matte finish. Contained within are copious minute seeds, akin to dust particles. These seeds are numerous and lack endosperm, which is characteristic of orchid seeds, including those of slipper orchids.

Learn About the Fruit Glossary

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