

How to identify Texas mountain laurel (Sophora secundiflora)
Texas mountain laurel, also known as Frijolito, Texas mescalbean
Texas mountain laurel presents as a robust evergreen, multi-trunked tree or large shrub, typically attaining an average height of 10 to 15 feet (3 to 4.5 meters) but capable of reaching up to 32 feet (nearly 10 meters) under optimal conditions. Its habitat preference includes well-drained, moist to occasionally dry, limestone soils. Texas mountain laurel thrives in full to partial sunlight and is characterized by its formation of dense thickets or small groves. The foliage remains lush year-round, contributing to its evergreen status.
Pea-like violet-blue flowers in drooping clusters.
Distinct woody pods with bright red toxic seeds.
Pinnately divided leaves with shiny, leathery leaflets.
Average height of 10 to 15 feet (3 to 4.5 meters).
Forms dense thickets in well-drained limestone soils.
The leaves of texas mountain laurel are pinnately divided with 7-9 leaflets, each notched and silky below. These compound leaves are dense and glossy, featuring shiny, leathery leaflets that are rounded on the ends. The leaflets are up to 2 inches (5 cm) or longer, tapering more gradually to the base than to the tip, and are arranged along an axis terminating in a single leaflet.
The flowers of texas mountain laurel are exquisite, pea-like, and exhibit a striking violet-blue color. Arranged in drooping clusters spanning 3 to 7 inches (7.6 to 17.8 cm), these flowers are not only visually impressive but also highly fragrant. The petals are delicately arranged, enhancing their showy appearance. Blooming primarily in spring, these clusters create a vibrant display that is easy to recognize and appreciate for both novice and expert plant enthusiasts alike.
The fruit of texas mountain laurel is a distinct woody pod, typically exhibiting a deep purple to black hue when mature. Each pod reaches approximately 2-4 inches (5-10 cm) in length. Upon opening, the interior reveals a series of bright red, highly toxic seeds. These seeds are often shiny and bead-like, offering a stark contrast against the dark interior of the pod. The exterior of the pod may display a leathery texture and can split open along a seam to expose the seeds within. Its striking seed coloration and pod characteristics make it a unique feature for identification.
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Scientific Classification of Texas mountain laurel