How to identify White clover (Trifolium repens)
White clover, also known as Dutch clover, Shamrock
White clover is a low-growing, mat-forming herbaceous perennial that typically reaches heights of 4 to 6 inches (10 to 15 cm) and spreads up to 12 inches (30 cm) or more. This plant is distinguished by its tripinnate leaf arrangement, with each leaf composed of three oval leaflets. It is also noted for its rounded white flower heads that bloom above the foliage. White clover has stems that readily root at the nodes, aiding in vegetative spread.
Lifespan: Perennial
Plant Type: Herb
Leaf Type: Deciduous, Semi-evergreen
Tripinnate leaf arrangement with oval leaflets.
Rounded white flower heads, fragrant with sweet scent.
Globular flowers with 40-100 small, white florets.
Ovate fruit pod housing 4-6 small seeds.
Square-shaped stem with unique branching pattern.
The leaves of white clover are trifoliate, each composed of three green leaflets joined at the center. The leaflets range from 1/4 inch to 3/4 inch (0.6 to 2 cm) long and are half as wide. Each leaflet features a distinctive white crescent in the center and a midrib crease. Occasionally, they may exhibit red or purplish tones. At the base of the petiole, there are a pair of small, lanceolate stipules of light green color.
White clover flowers are globular, measuring about 1/2 inch (1.3 cm) in diameter. Each spherical to slightly egg-shaped flower head comprises 40 to 100 small, white florets, giving it a dense, clustered appearance. The florets are delicate and slightly fragrant, with a sweet, mild scent. They bloom primarily in late spring to early summer, creating an attractive display. The flowers are borne on separate stems, distinct from the trifoliate leaves, aiding in easy identification.
The stem of white clover exhibits a unique square shape and distinct branching pattern. It grows horizontally with a creeping habit, ranging from 4 to 12 inches (10 to 30 cm) in length. The stems are smooth and green, capable of rooting at the nodes where they touch the ground. The thickness of the stem is moderate, supporting small leaves and flowers that bloom on vertical stems up to 12 inches (30 cm) tall, adding structural diversity to the plant.
The fruit of white clover is a modestly sized, ovate pod, typically housing four to six seeds. Each seed is ensconced within the pod, which adopts a pale to dark brown hue at maturity. The surface of the pod may present a slightly textured appearance, and the seeds within are generally small, no larger than a few millimeters in diameter. This legume's fruit is unremarkable in size, but this inconspicuous feature is crucial for species replication and dispersal.
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Scientific Classification of White clover
