How to identify Perfoliate bellwort (Uvularia perfoliata)

How to identify Perfoliate bellwort (Uvularia perfoliata)

Perfoliate bellwort features a distinct perfoliate leaf arrangement, with its stem piercing centrally through ovate to oblong leaf blades. The plant exhibits 1 to 4 leaves below each stem fork, each leaf growing solitary at its node. The green-yellow, bell-shaped flowers dangle beneath the foliage, further aiding in its identification. Typically found thriving in humus-rich soils, it has a delicate structure, contributing to its subtle presence in its natural habitat.

Lifespan: Perennial

Plant Type: Herb

Leaf Type: Deciduous

Quickly Identify Perfoliate bellwort

Perfoliate leaf arrangement with stem piercing through leaf blades.

Bell-shaped, green-yellow flowers dangling beneath foliage.

Yellow bell-shaped flowers, 1-2 inches (2.5-5 cm) long, with twisted tepals.

Distinctive three-sided capsule fruit opening along seams, releasing 2+ seeds.

Oblong leaves, 2-4 inches (5-10 cm) long, with pronounced veining.

Detailed Traits of Perfoliate bellwort

Leaf Features

The leaves of perfoliate bellwort are oblong, with the widest area just below the middle and tapering at both ends. Each stem node features one veined leaf, which is glabrous on the upper side and glaucous underneath. The leaves are 2-4 inches (5-10 cm) long and 1-2 inches (2.5-5 cm) wide. Their pronounced veins radiate from the base, providing a clear identifying feature. The overall texture is smooth but slightly waxy due to the glaucous undersurface.

Learn About the Leaf Glossary

Flower Features

Perfoliate bellwort has yellow flowers that bloom from April into early summer. The flowers are bell-shaped, approximately 1-2 inches (2.5-5 cm) long. Each flower has six petal-like tepals that are slightly twisted and recurved at the tips. The interior surface of the flower features a roughened texture and small glands. These flowers are pendulous, hanging downward from the stems. They exude a delicate, subtle fragrance that adds to their charm and attractiveness.

Learn About the Flower Glossary

Stem Features

The stem of perfoliate bellwort is slender and smooth, with a delicate, almost polished texture. It can be either singular or branched, often emerging as a light green hue that may darken with age. The stems generally reach a height of 12 to 24 inches (30 to 60 cm) and are typically about 0.1 to 0.2 inches (0.3 to 0.5 cm) in diameter. Their branching pattern and smooth surface make them easily distinguishable.

Learn About the Stem Glossary

Fruit Features

The fruit of perfoliate bellwort is a distinctive three-sided capsule that matures from June to August. Each capsule is approximately 0.5-0.75 inches (1.3-1.9 cm) in length and splits along 2 or more seams, releasing 2 or more seeds. The capsules transition from green to a dry, brownish color as they mature, and have a slightly textured surface. These features make the capsule and its seed release mechanism significant identifiers of perfoliate bellwort.

Learn About the Fruit Glossary

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