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Top 20 Most Common Toxic Plants in Slovakia

Slovakia's diverse climate and topography, ranging from lowland river valleys to high mountainous terrains, contribute to an ecosystem that can support a varied flora, including Smoketree, Pokeweed, and Autumn crocus. This richness offers a suitable environment for the proliferation of toxic plants. Heightened diligence is essential as these species could pose risks to human health, livestock, and local biodiversity.

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Most Common Toxic Plants
Smoketree
1. Smoketree
Smoketree is a deciduous tree native to Southern Europe and Central China. The flowers of the smoketree are pinkish-purple and long-lasting. They grow in clusters along branches and give a smoky appearance to the tree when in bloom. In China, they are used as important fall decorations due to their foliage turn bright red in the fall.
Toxic to:
Human
Pokeweed
2. Pokeweed
Although its berries look juicy and tempting, the fruits and the root of pokeweed are toxic and should not be eaten. Pokeweed is considered a pest species by farmers but is nevertheless often grown as an ornamental plant. Its berries can be made into pokeberry ink as well.
Toxic to:
Human
Common columbine
3. Common columbine
All parts of common columbine, including the stem, leaves, flowers, and seeds, are toxic when they are ingested raw. Contact with the plant's sap may also lead to dermatitis (skin irritation and inflammation). The symptoms from common columbine poisoning are likely to cause only mild to moderate effects, but the symptoms are not well-known, since there are few documented cases of it. Adverse effects are most likely to occur from accidental ingestion.
Toxic to:
Human
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Autumn crocus
4. Autumn crocus
Autumn crocus (Colchicum autumnale) is a flowering plant native to the coast of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Its flower stalks grow up after a period of time after its leaves die out, so you can see its flowers or leaves but never both. Consumption of autumn crocus is toxic and is particularly poisonous to cats. Autumn crocus is not the source of saffron. Saffron is produced by another species in the crocus family.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
Evergreen spindle
5. Evergreen spindle
All parts of the evergreen spindle are considered toxic if ingested in large quantities. Symptoms can range from mild to life-threatening including vomiting, weakness, diarrhea, chills, convulsions, and coma. Since these plants are commonly used as ornamental hedges, you should be mindful of any children who may encounter the plant, be attracted by its colorful leaves and flowers, and may be tempted to eat them.
Toxic to:
Human
Cow parsnip
6. Cow parsnip
Cow parsnip (Heracleum sphondylium) is a species of flowering perennial herb related to parsley and fennel. Its specific epithet, "sphondylium," means "vertebrate," and references its segmented appearance. This species produces extremely large amounts of nectar and thus attracts many bees.
Toxic to:
Human
Common barberry
7. Common barberry
Common barberry is a shrub with unpleasant-smelling flowers and red berries. The flowers can be used to create yellow dye while the berries have culinary and medicinal uses in Iran and medicinal use in China that dates back 3,000 years. Despite this, common barberry can be a host to wheat rust that is highly damaging to grain crops in America.
Toxic to:
Human
Starch grape hyacinth
8. Starch grape hyacinth
Starch grape hyacinth (Muscari neglectum) is a perennial plant native to Eurasia, commonly grown as an ornamental houseplant in temperate climates. It is also known as the common grape hyacinth or the grape hyacinth for its flowers' resemblance to the grapes.
Toxic to:
Human
Golden chain tree
9. Golden chain tree
The golden chain tree is used as an ornamental in gardens and patios. It gets its name from the cascading yellow flowers that bloom in late spring. The lumber can be used for cabinetry, inlay work, and musical instruments. The flexible branches also used to be important for making bows. The golden chain tree is toxic in its entirety and can be fatal if eaten.
Toxic to:
Human
Bird of paradise
10. Bird of paradise
Bird of paradise is generally considered non-toxic but can be poisonous when ingested in large quantities. Cases of poisoning are typically mild to moderate with symptoms including abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Cases of poisoning may be more serious in children. The fruit and seeds are considered to be the most toxic parts of the plant. The frequent use of this plant as a houseplant could be a factor in poisoning frequency. This plant can be mistaken for another more toxic species, Poinciana gilliesii, as they share the same common name, bird of paradise.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
Potato
11. Potato
True to this plant's reputation, consumption of potato can be extremely toxic to dogs, and warrants immediate veterinary attention. All parts of these plants contain several toxic substances which can cause loss of appetite, excessive drooling, vomiting, diarrhea, dilated pupils, confusion, behavioral changes, and weakness. In more severe cases, difficulty breathing, a lowered heart rate, coma, or even death may occur, so treat it as a medical emergency if your pet has come into contact with this plant.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
Indian poke
12. Indian poke
Indian poke (Phytolacca acinosa) is a perennial shrub with deep red or purple berries. The genus name for this species comes from a Greek word for “plant” and a Latin word that means “dye,” and a look at the berries makes the reason obvious. Its mature leaves and stalks are poisonous.
Toxic to:
Human
Creeping buttercup
13. Creeping buttercup
Creeping buttercup can be severely toxic to dogs; you should seek immediate veterinary attention if you believe your dog has eaten or come into contact with a plant of this type. All parts of these plants contain ranunculin, a toxin that is poisonous when swallowed and also can irritate skin, causing redness or itch. Ingestion symptoms ranging from excessive drooling, vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, and loss of appetite to paralysis, seizures, jaundice, spasms, collapse, or even death.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
Sago palm
14. Sago palm
Many species within the Cycas revoluta genus are highly toxic to dogs - if you suspect your dog has ingested any part of a sago palm plant, you should contact a vet immediately. The Sago palm is a very common ornamental and is the most common culprit. These plants contain high concentrations of the cycasin toxin, which is found throughout their structures but is most concentrated in their seeds. Ingesting even a small amount of cycasin can cause vomiting and diarrhea. Larger amounts can cause damage to the intestines and liver, coma, or death.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
Dieffenbachia
15. Dieffenbachia
If either ingested or touched, dieffenbachia can cause negative reactions. The symptoms range from moderate to severe and can be dangerous if airways are blocked. Due to the calcium oxalate contained in this plant, its leaves and sap have toxic properties. When ingested, they can induce symptoms such as lip and tongue swelling, drooling, speech loss, and difficulty breathing; when touched, they can cause a painful skin rash or eye irritation. Since these plants are often found indoors as decorative plants, be careful when keeping them around small children. Always wear gloves when handling this plant.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
Common hyacinth
16. Common hyacinth
Hyacinthus orientalis is one of the heralds of spring. The name common hyacinth comes from the Greek name Hyacinthus. According to Greek legend, Hyacinthus was admired by both Apollo and Zephyrus. Hyacinthus ended up being killed out of jealousy and a flower bloomed on the spot where his blood was spilled. Apollo named the flower after his lost love.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
Evergreen azalea
17. Evergreen azalea
Evergreen azalea are members of the Rhododendron genus, all of which contain varying levels of a toxin known as Grayanotoxin in all tissues. Physical contact can cause a rash in sensitive people, the pollen can irritate mucus membranes, and ingesting it can cause nausea, vomiting, arrhythmia, low blood pressure, and hallucinations in humans. Grayanotoxin is so strong that even the amounts contained in honey made from Rhododendron pollen can have negative effects.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
Ficus Ginseng
18. Ficus Ginseng
Ficus Ginseng is distinct for its thick, bulbous roots, which resemble ginseng roots. It is easy to grow and grows fast, making it a popular plant for bonsai.
Toxic to:
Pets
Common yew
19. Common yew
Common yew is highly toxic to all animal species, including humans, dogs, cats, livestock and poultry, with all parts of the plant capable of causing death when consumed in large amounts.
Toxic to:
Pets
Wild daffodil
20. Wild daffodil
Wild daffodils have low-level toxicity when the leaves or bulbs are ingested. The bulbs, however, are the most toxic part of the plant. If the bulbs are ingested, symptoms may include vomiting, diarrhea, and excessive salivation. If a large quantity is consumed, convulsions, low blood pressure, tremors, and cardiac arrhythmias may occur. Poisoning is most likely to occur from accidental ingestion by children, as wild daffodils are grown in gardens around the world.
Toxic to:
Human & Pets
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More Plants in Slovakia

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Most Common Flowers

Slovakia, with its diverse climate and soil conditions, provides a nurturing environment for a variety of native flowers. Among these are , , and , which bloom resplendently in the region. These flowers are cherished for their visual beauty, cultural symbolism, and ecological importance. Reliable sources confirm their presence and highlight their significance in Slovakia's natural landscape.

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Most Common Fruits

Slovakia's fertile soils and a temperate climate with cold winters and warm summers create an idyllic setting for growing a variety of fruit plants. Among the most beloved are , , and , which not only thrive under these conditions but also hold a special place in the country's agricultural practices and cultural traditions. These fruits are staple features in local cuisines, festivals, and folklore, reflecting the deep-rooted connection between Slovakians and their rich horticultural heritage.

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Most Common Trees

Slovakia's climatic conditions and fertile soil provide an ideal environment for diverse native trees to thrive. Among these, , , and stand as emblematic representatives. These trees hold great significance both culturally and ecologically within the region. With their majestic presence, they contribute to the country's rich biodiversity and reflect the deep-rooted connection between Slovakia and its natural heritage.

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Most Common Weeds

Slovakia's diverse climate, ranging from temperate to alpine, provides a nurturing ground for a variety of garden weeds. Among this green invasion, , , and stand out as the most common culprits, flourishing and spreading across residential and agricultural landscapes. These weeds pose a persistent challenge to gardeners and farmers alike, necessitating frequent and meticulous intervention to manage their growth and mitigate their impact on native plant species and crop yields.

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Most Common Tall Trees

Nestled in the heart of Europe, Slovakia's temperate climate and undulating mountains sustain a rich canvas of forestation. The prevailing conditions shepherd the sky-piercing growth of several imposing arboreal titans. Among them, , , and dominate the canopy. These colossi, vital to the ecosystem's integrity and steeped in historical resonances, stand as natural monuments of Slovakia's verdant landscape.

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Most Common Plants

In Slovakia, you can find English ivy, European beech, Ground ivy, Common yarrow, Norway maple, and more! There are 1,694 types of plants in total. Be sure to look out for these common plants when you’re walking on the streets, in parks, or public gardens.

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