Turkish hazel (Corylus colurna)

Turkish hazel

Also known as: Turkish hazel nut

A deciduous tree native to Europe and Asia, turkish hazel, or Corylus colurna, is the largest species of hazel tree. It is often used in landscaping and is tolerant of pollution in urban areas.

Scientific classification

Species

Turkish hazel (Corylus colurna)

Beeches, walnuts, and allied trees

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Perennial

Lifespan

Tree

Plant Type

Spring, Late winter

Bloom Time

Fall

Harvest Time

Green, Brown, Yellow

Fruit Color

Yellow, Green

Flower Color

Green, White, Yellow

Stem Color

Deciduous

Leaf type

5 - 32 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Spring

Growth Season

Images of Turkish hazel

Distribution of Turkish hazel

Distribution Map

Turkish hazel naturally thrives in Southeastern Europe and Western Asia. It has been introduced and cultivated in broader regions across the European continent. Though its range is originally limited to warmer temperate zones, cultivation has allowed turkish hazel to adapt to a variety of non-native temperate regions.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Shady mixed forests

Quickly Identify Turkish hazel

Heart-shaped leaves with doubly serrated edges.

Distinctive yellow male catkins in dense clusters.

Edible nuts encased in spiny, hairy husks.

Robust stem with wide-angled branching.

Mottled, corky bark peeling to reveal orange-brown inner bark.

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Care Guide for Turkish hazel

Every 3 weeks

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

5 - 32 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Garden Soil

Soil Type

Water: Turkish hazel thrives in temperate climates, preferring well-drained soils with moderate moisture. Once established, it is drought-tolerant, requiring watering approximately every three weeks. Mulching aids moisture retention during the growing season, making it ideal for outdoor cultivation.

Fertilize: For turkish hazel, apply balanced fertilizer in spring, then high nitrogen in late summer, with 2-3 annual applications of 1 pound per inch of trunk diameter. Water deeply afterward to avoid root burn, and mulch to retain nutrients. Adjust fertilizer quantities based on growth stage and reduce in fall, stopping in winter.

Pruning: Turkish hazel thrives with early spring pruning by removing dead or crossing branches, enhancing air circulation and light penetration. Maintain balance by shaping the tree and cutting back to healthy buds. Pruning aligns with seasonal growth, promoting health and aesthetic appeal while preventing diseases.

Propagation: Turkish hazel, a monoecious tree from the Betulaceae family, thrives in urban settings. For effective propagation, select a healthy rootstock for grafting during active growth. Ensure proper aftercare, including optimal moisture and stress protection, to enhance grafting success.

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