Italian buckthorn (Rhamnus alaternus)

Italian buckthorn

Also known as: Alaternus, Evergreen buckthorn

Italian buckthorn (Rhamnus alaternus) is an evergreen shrub that will grow from 3.5 to 5 m tall. It blooms in spring with greenish-yellow flowers. Red fruit appears after blooming and ripens to purple in fall. It thrives in full sun or partial shade. Tolerant of wind, heat and drought, it is the perfect specimen for creating a windbreak when planted in groups.

Scientific classification

Species

Italian buckthorn (Rhamnus alaternus)

Roses, elms, figs, and allies

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Perennial

Lifespan

Shrub

Plant Type

Early spring, Late spring, Early summer, Late winter

Bloom Time

Green, White, Silver

Leaf Color

2.5 cm

Flower Size

Red, Black

Fruit Color

Yellow, Green, White

Flower Color

Evergreen

Leaf type

10 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Images of Italian buckthorn

Distribution of Italian buckthorn

Distribution Map

Italian buckthorn thrives primarily in Mediterranean regions and can be found across several continents. While it is native to parts of southern Europe and northern Africa, its presence extends as an introduced species to other regions, including parts of Oceania and the British Isles. Italian buckthorn is cultivated for various purposes and, although it has established itself beyond its native range, in some areas, such as New Zealand, it is sometimes thought to be an ecological concern. Overall, italian buckthorn may have an impact on ecosystems outside its natural habitat.

Native

Cultivated

Invasive

Introduced

No species reported

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Habitat

Dry places in scrub and maquis

Hemisphere Trend Curve

Northern

Sorthern

Toxicity

Italian buckthorn is mildly toxic to humans, with all parts harmful if ingested. Symptoms of poisoning include gastrointestinal distress (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), headaches, dizziness, and general malaise. It's crucial to avoid accidental ingestion to prevent these symptoms.

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Quickly Identify Italian buckthorn

Upright evergreen shrub

Dark green glossy leaves

Greenish-yellow flowers

Fruit matures from red to dark purple

Can reach heights of 12 to 15 feet (3.7 to 4.6 meters)

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Care Guide for Italian buckthorn

Every 2-3 weeks

Water

Full sun

Sunlight

10 - 35 ℃

Ideal Temperature

Garden Soil

Soil Type

Water: Italian buckthorn thrives in Mediterranean-like climates, requiring dry summers and mild, wet winters. It has strong drought tolerance and needs watering every 2-3 weeks. Best grown outdoors in full sun, it prefers well-draining soil to prevent root rot.

Fertilize: Italian buckthorn thrives on balanced nutrition fertilizers, especially in spring and summer. Use a high-nitrogen formula early on, applying every 3-4 weeks. Water after fertilizing, and reduce frequency in fall, stopping in winter. Distribute fertilizer around the drip line and mix into topsoil.

Pruning: Italian buckthorn features glossy evergreen leaves, thriving with proper care. Prune in late winter to shape, control size, and enhance air circulation, preventing disease. Regular pruning also promotes bushier growth, aligning with italian buckthorn's dormancy for optimal spring development.

Propagation: Italian buckthorn is cultivated through semi-hardwood cuttings from healthy parent plants during active growth. Use well-draining soil, maintain consistent moisture, and consider rooting hormone for better root development. With proper care, cuttings will root successfully and can be planted in their final location.

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Images of Italian buckthorn

Distribution of Italian buckthorn

Toxicity

Quickly Identify Italian buckthorn

Care Guide for Italian buckthorn

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