Top 20 Popular Fruits in Estonia

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Top 20 Popular Fruits in Estonia

Estonia's cool temperate climate, with its mild summers and cold winters, coupled with fertile soils, favors the cultivation of hardy local fruit plants. Plants such as Meadowsweet, Common yarrow, and Ground elder not only thrive in these conditions but are also ingrained in Estonian culture, often used in traditional recipes and festivities. These fruits are much more than agricultural products; they are a cherished part of Estonia's horticultural heritage.

Most Popular Fruits

Meadowsweet

As its common name suggests, meadowsweet is a sweet-smelling herb that often grows in meadows. It is a perennial in the rose family and is native to Europe, the British Isles, and western Asia, and has also been naturalized in parts of North America. Filipendula ulmaria has been used to create potpourris and to add flavor to beers, wines, and stews.

Common yarrow

2. Common yarrow

Common yarrow is a wildflower that has feathery leaves and flowers in white, yellow or pink. In China, the plant is considered to be good luck while for some time in Scotland it was believed to have magical properties. It has been brewed into beer, tea, and liquors, but it has low toxicity. Do not consume in large quantities. Common yarrow's bitter leaves are toxic to pets and horses. Other livestock can eat it, though it gives cow milk an unpleasant flavor.

Mid summer, Late summer, Early fall

Florist kalanchoe

3. Florist kalanchoe

Florist kalanchoe (Kalanchoe blossfeldiana) originates from Madagascar and has been a popular houseplant since the 1930s. Unlike most other succulents that are grown for their interesting leaves, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana is valued for the colorful flowerheads it produces in autumn and winter. This is the reason it is commonly gifted during holidays, earning it another name - Christmas kalanchoe. It is toxic to pets.

Summer, Early fall, Mid fall

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Ground elder

4. Ground elder

Aegopodium podagraria, commonly known as ground elder, is a herbaceous perennial native to Eurasia. Origin of its common name lies in the shape of its leaves and flowers, somewhat similar to elderberry. Ground elder is often cultivated as an ornamental plant. Due to its fast spread via rhizomes, it is considered an invasive species in certain countries.

European mountain-ash

5. European mountain-ash

Sorbus aucuparia, also known as european mountain-ash, is a deciduous tree native to Europe. It grows a slim trunk with upward-curving branches as it matures. Its admirable upright and dense branching gives the plant an oval crown. The juicy and soft clustered fruits are an excellent source of food for birds, while its yellow to plum foliage adds to its overall aesthetic appeal.

Creeping thistle

6. Creeping thistle

This aggressive weed spreads across grasslands and fields via underground roots that creep horizontally, some for more than 5 m. It can cause major problems to agriculture if its growth is left unchecked. Its seeds feed many birds as well as pest insects. Creeping thistle is generally considered a noxious weed even in its native territory.

Late summer, Early fall, Mid fall

Viper's bugloss

7. Viper's bugloss

Viper's bugloss (Echium vulgare) is a member of the borage family and attracts honeybees. Once established, this pretty blue wildflower is easy to grow. However, it can become invasive. This species has a deep taproot which makes it difficult to transplant and difficult to eradicate.

Late summer, Early fall, Mid fall

White clover

8. White clover

White clover (Trifolium repens) is a perennial herb, one of the most cultivated species of clover. It can be found on lawns and grasslands all over the world. White clover is often cultivated as a forage plant and used for green manure in agriculture.

Mid summer, Late summer, Early fall, Mid fall

Bird cherry

Bird cherry (Prunus padus) is a small deciduous cherry tree in the subgenus Padus. This species is native to Europe, where it is also known as the Mayday tree because of its historical importance in spring (May Day) festivals. The bird cherry is pollinated by bees and flies. The leaves, stems, and fruits of this species can be toxic to some mammals. In the past, the bark of this tree was traditionally placed near doorways as a spiritual gesture to ward off the plague.

Spring, Summer, Fall

Red raspberry

10. Red raspberry

Red raspberry is a perennial forest shrub with elongated, thorny stems. The stems grow rapidly during their first year and bloom in their second year. The plant produces small, aggregate fruit that has a distinct aroma and a sweet-and-sour taste. Rubus idaeus cultivars are hybrids between this red raspberry and the American species R. Strigosus.

Late spring, Summer, Fall

Scotch heather

11. Scotch heather

Scotch heather (Calluna vulgaris) is an evergreen flowering shrub that produces hundreds of rose-pink to purplish-pink, bell-shaped flowers that bloom in late summer. Relatively low maintenance, it is perfect in rock gardens or used as a border or ground cover. It prefers acidic soil and will grow from 30 to 61 cm in full sun to partial shade.

Common plantain

12. Common plantain

While native to Europe, the common plantain was one of the first plants to reach North America through early European explorers. Native Americans have referred to Plantago major as 'white man's footprint', as it disrupted many local ecosystems by its introduction.

Woodland strawberry

13. Woodland strawberry

Woodland strawberry is a plant that spreads by runners that put down roots as they go. This ever-bearing strawberry produces fruit all year long that is small but edible. Because the fruit is so small, cultivated woodland strawberry is typically used more as an ornamental or ground cover.

Late spring, Summer

Germander speedwell

14. Germander speedwell

Germander speedwell (*Veronica chamaedrys*) is also known as cat’s eyes because the center of each flower resembles the iridescent eye of a cat. This herbaceous perennial is a hardy weed that invades lawns and turf. The pretty blue flowers of the germander speedwell wilt quickly when picked. Nevertheless, it was once considered good luck for travelers to wear them on their coats.

Late spring, Early summer

Cowslip

Cowslip is a flowering perennial. It was often found growing in cow pastures among the cow dung, which probably earned it its name, cowslip. This plant was often discussed in ancient literature and used as a source of wine and food.

Stinging nettle

16. Stinging nettle

Although the stinging nettle has a variety of uses it is best known for its eponymous sting. It has sharp defensive hairs on its leaves and stems which will release pain-inducing chemicals when touched. Nevertheless, Dorset, England hosts an annual World Nettle Eating Championship, which started with a debate between two farmers over the severity of their nettle infestations. To consume them more safely, stinging nettles must be thoroughly boiled.

Oxeye daisy

17. Oxeye daisy

Leucanthemum vulgare is a very adaptable perennial herb native to Eurasia, commonly known as oxeye daisy. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant. Oxeye daisy is a common weed in lawns and crop plants. It is also considered an invasive species in some areas in the world.

Valerian

Valerian gets its name from the Latin term 'valere' (meaning 'healthy') since its extracts were believed to be useful. For gardening purposes, the plant is often grown as an ornamental or perennial herb. Valerian was likely brought to North America for use in gardens, but it escaped and is now an invasive weed.

Common juniper

19. Common juniper

The common juniper, the most common of its species, is an evergreen conifer that thrives on every continent. It is grown for the horticultural industry as well as a decorative shrub. The wood is used to make woodcrafts, while the cones are utilized to flavor and enhance various foods. Some Native American cultures use the berries for medicinal purposes.

Lily of the valley

20. Lily of the valley

Lily of the valley is highly poisonous and originates in Eurasia. Although it is toxic, it is popular in gardens and the perfume industry for its charming flowers and fragrance. Lily of the valley is the national flower of Finland and was the national flower of former Yugoslavia.

Early summer, Mid summer

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Most Common Flowers

Estonia's climate and soil provide a conducive environment for native flowers to flourish. Among the captivating blooms are , , and . These flowers add to the visual allure of the region and hold symbolic and ecological significance. Authentic intel from trusted sources validates their presence and importance in Estonia's flora.

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Most Common Spring Fruits

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Most Common Trees

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Most Common Weeds

Estonia's temperate climate with its moist summers and cold winters creates an ideal environment for a variety of garden weeds. Amongst the most commonly encountered are , known for its rapid growth and resilience, , which outcompetes native flora, and , notorious for its pervasive root system. These invasive weeds pose a significant challenge to gardeners and landscapers striving to maintain biodiverse and healthy gardens.

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Most Common Tall Trees

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Most Common Plants

In Estonia, you can find Meadowsweet, Common yarrow, Florist kalanchoe, Jade plant, Madagascar dragon tree, and more! There are 50 types of plants in total. Be sure to look out for these common plants when you’re walking on the streets, in parks, or public gardens.

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