Top 20 Most Common Flowering Plants in Finland

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Top 20 Most Common Flowering Plants in Finland

Finland's climate and soil provide a conducive environment for a variety of native flowers to thrive. Among these blossoms, European mountain-ash, Common yarrow, and Scotch heather stand out as the most characteristic. These flowers add a touch of visual beauty to the region, symbolize its rich heritage, and play a crucial role in the local ecology. Trustworthy sources verify the presence and significance of these flowers in Finland.

Most Common Flower Plants

European mountain-ash

1. European mountain-ash

Sorbus aucuparia, also known as european mountain-ash, is a deciduous tree native to Europe. It grows a slim trunk with upward-curving branches as it matures. Its admirable upright and dense branching gives the plant an oval crown. The juicy and soft clustered fruits are an excellent source of food for birds, while its yellow to plum foliage adds to its overall aesthetic appeal.

Common yarrow

2. Common yarrow

Common yarrow is a wildflower that has feathery leaves and flowers in white, yellow or pink. In China, the plant is considered to be good luck while for some time in Scotland it was believed to have magical properties. It has been brewed into beer, tea, and liquors, but it has low toxicity. Do not consume in large quantities. Common yarrow's bitter leaves are toxic to pets and horses. Other livestock can eat it, though it gives cow milk an unpleasant flavor.

Late spring, Summer

Garden lupine

3. Garden lupine

While it is cultivated as a garden flower in many places, the garden lupine is considered an invasive species in others. As a garden plant, the garden lupine is commonly used to attract bees and retain nitrogen in the soil. But in New Zealand, Argentina, and various countries in Europe, garden lupine are grown invasively and causing many ecological problems.

Mid spring, Late spring, Early summer

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Scotch heather

4. Scotch heather

Scotch heather (Calluna vulgaris) is an evergreen flowering shrub that produces hundreds of rose-pink to purplish-pink, bell-shaped flowers that bloom in late summer. Relatively low maintenance, it is perfect in rock gardens or used as a border or ground cover. It prefers acidic soil and will grow from 30 to 61 cm in full sun to partial shade.

Mid summer, Late summer, Early fall, Mid fall

Cow parsley

Cow parsley is a short-lived, herbaceous perennial. It can be easily confused with toxic plants such as poison hemlock and fool’s parsley, so it is best avoided. Its close resemblance to these toxic plants gave it another name: mother-die. Cow parsley can be invasive and tends to shade out native grasses. This also increases erosion rates by reducing the number of supportive root structures.

Mid spring, Late spring, Summer

Lily of the valley

6. Lily of the valley

Lily of the valley is highly poisonous and originates in Eurasia. Although it is toxic, it is popular in gardens and the perfume industry for its charming flowers and fragrance. Lily of the valley is the national flower of Finland and was the national flower of former Yugoslavia.

Ground elder

7. Ground elder

Aegopodium podagraria, commonly known as ground elder, is a herbaceous perennial native to Eurasia. Origin of its common name lies in the shape of its leaves and flowers, somewhat similar to elderberry. Ground elder is often cultivated as an ornamental plant. Due to its fast spread via rhizomes, it is considered an invasive species in certain countries.

Coltsfoot

Coltsfoot (Tussilago farfara) is a weedy member of the daisy family that has been historically used by indigenous peoples. It forms expansive root systems, making an infestation very hard to eradicate. Coltsfoot is different among plants in that its above-ground shoots produce flowers before growing leaves.

Common tansy

9. Common tansy

Common tansy (Tanacetum vulgare) is a plant native to Europe and Asia. The common tansy has been introduced in other global regions and is sometimes considered to be an invasive species. The common tansy can be used as a substitute for sage.

Late spring, Summer, Fall

Goat willow

10. Goat willow

Goat willow (Salix caprea) is a small deciduous tree or large shrub also known as pussy willow. Goat willow is native to Europe and western and central Asia. This species is not considered a good source of timber, as its wood is brittle. Salix caprea means "goat." This species is susceptible to disease mediated by insects and microbes.

Spring, Late winter

Bird cherry

11. Bird cherry

Bird cherry (Prunus padus) is a small deciduous cherry tree in the subgenus Padus. This species is native to Europe, where it is also known as the Mayday tree because of its historical importance in spring (May Day) festivals. The bird cherry is pollinated by bees and flies. The leaves, stems, and fruits of this species can be toxic to some mammals. In the past, the bark of this tree was traditionally placed near doorways as a spiritual gesture to ward off the plague.

Spring, Early summer

Bird vetch

Bird vetch (Vicia cracca) is a flowering species of vetch native to Europe and Asia. In North America, bird vetch is considered an invasive species and a weed. In these environments, the flowering plant often grows in industrial disturbed environments like oil fields.

Late spring, Early summer, Mid summer

Meadow buttercup

13. Meadow buttercup

Meadow buttercup (Ranunculus acris) is a flowering plant native to Europe. It has gained many nicknames related to its yellow flowers and ubiquity in meadow-like environments. Meadow buttercup is moderately toxic to both humans and livestock.

Spring, Early summer, Mid summer

Creeping buttercup

14. Creeping buttercup

While originally used as an ornamental plant around the world, the creeping buttercup is now considered invasive in many places. Distribution usually occurs through the transportation of hay, making control difficult. The creeping buttercup is considered poisonous and can cause skin blistering.

Spring, Early summer, Mid summer

Red elderberry

15. Red elderberry

Red elderberry (Sambucus racemosa) is a popular choice for natural landscape design projects. Flowers of red elderberry attract butterflies and hummingbirds while the fruits bring in other birds. But it is poisonous to human so extreme caution should be exercised.

Oxeye daisy

16. Oxeye daisy

Leucanthemum vulgare is a very adaptable perennial herb native to Eurasia, commonly known as oxeye daisy. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant. Oxeye daisy is a common weed in lawns and crop plants. It is also considered an invasive species in some areas in the world.

Autumn hawkbit

17. Autumn hawkbit

Autumn hawkbit (Scorzoneroides autumnalis) is also called “Autumn Hawkbit.” It’s native to Eurasia, but was brought to North America. Its common name references its resemblance to the common dandelion.

Red clover

Red clover is widely cultivated as a fodder plant and green manure because its roots can fix nitrogen and increase the fertility of the soil. The cultivated Trifolium pratense is inevitably escaped and is now naturalized globally, including the United States and Australia. Its flowers are attractive, so it is also cultivated as an ornamental plant.

Late spring, Summer

Butter-and-eggs

19. Butter-and-eggs

Butter-and-eggs (Linaria vulgaris) is a flowering toadflax species native to Europe and Central Asia. The plant gets its unusual nickname from the yellow color of its flowers. The butter-and-eggs is mildly toxic for livestock to consume. Because of the curved, semi-closed shape of its flowers, it needs strong pollinators like bumblebees.

Summer, Early fall, Mid fall

Germander speedwell

20. Germander speedwell

Germander speedwell (*Veronica chamaedrys*) is also known as cat’s eyes because the center of each flower resembles the iridescent eye of a cat. This herbaceous perennial is a hardy weed that invades lawns and turf. The pretty blue flowers of the germander speedwell wilt quickly when picked. Nevertheless, it was once considered good luck for travelers to wear them on their coats.

Mid spring, Late spring, Early summer, Mid summer

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More Plants in Finland

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Most Common Toxic Plants

Finland's diverse climate, ranging from temperate to subarctic, creates a habitat conducive to various plant species, including toxic varieties. Despite the often harsh winters, the long summer days contribute to vigorous plant growth during the growing season. Among the flora, there are concerns regarding the prevalence of toxic plants. Notable examples include , , and , each presenting its own set of potential risks to both humans and wildlife.

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Most Common Flowers of Spring

As Finland thaws from its wintry embrace, Spring breathes new life into the landscape, coaxing various flora to break ground. Amongst the first to claim the sun's tender warmth are , , and , each adding a splash of vibrant color and symbolizing the nation's resilient nature. These blooms are not only a feast for the eyes but also signify the Finnish Spring's triumphant return.

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Most Common Spring Fruits

In Finland, Spring unfurls with lingering daylight and a gentle thaw, coaxing life from the frostbitten earth. As nature reawakens, so too do the fruit plants, nurtured by the pure Nordic air and soil. Key among these are the , offering its succulent bounty; the aromatic , heralding the season's freshness; and the vibrant , a testament to Spring's vigorous return. Each fruit reflects the revitalizing spirit of Finnish Spring, eagerly anticipated by locals and gourmands alike.

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Most Common Fruits

Finland's cool climate and long summer days create a unique environment that extends the natural growing season and imbues fruit with intense flavors. Fertile, acidic soils provide ideal conditions for a variety of local fruit plants. , , and are not just staples in Finnish diets but hold cultural significance, with each having its unique space in Finnish customs and cuisine. These fruits embody the resilience and adaptability of Finnish agriculture.

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Most Common Trees

Finland's climatic and soil conditions favor the growth of several native trees. Among the emblematic trees, , , and stand tall in this territory. These trees hold great cultural and ecological significance within the region. They contribute to Finland's diverse ecosystem and are valued for their timber, wildlife habitat, and traditional uses. , , and are essential components of Finland's natural heritage, demonstrating the country's rich biodiversity.

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Most Common Weeds

Finland's temperate climate, marked by cold winters and relatively warm summers, creates a conducive environment for a variety of garden weeds. Commonly contending with diverse weed species, Finnish gardeners often grapple with , , and that tenaciously proliferate across residential lawns and open spaces. These weeds pose significant challenges due to their high adaptability and competitive growth, necessitating diligent management efforts within the country's gardens and landscapes.

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Most Common Tall Trees

Finland's boreal forests and temperate climate lay the ground for sky-scraping arboreals. Amidst this realm, , , and stand as colossi, heralding the region's natural history and providing ecological bastions. These trees are not mere botanical entities but symbols of Finnish verdure, their lofty crowns touching the heavens while anchoring a rich biotic network below.

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Most Common Flowers of Winter

Winter in Finland is a mesmerizing world of frost and snow, where the cold embraces the land. Surprisingly, amidst this frigid environment, there are certain flowers that brave the chill. Three notable blooms that appear in Winter are , , and . These flowers showcase the resilience and beauty of nature, bringing a touch of color and hope to the serene Finnish landscape.

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Most Common Plants

In Finland, you can find Norway spruce, Scots pine, European mountain-ash, Common yarrow, Bilberry, and more! There are 50 types of plants in total. Be sure to look out for these common plants when you’re walking on the streets, in parks, or public gardens.

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