Top 20 Most Common Trees in Sikkim

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Top 20 Most Common Trees in Sikkim

Sikkim, India boasts a unique combination of climatic and soil conditions that nurture the growth of native trees. Three standout trees in this state include Guava, Silky oak, and Red frangipani. These trees hold immense ecological and cultural significance within Sikkim's boundaries. By highlighting their importance, we can delve into the ecological essence of this region and appreciate the role these trees play in preserving its natural beauty.

Most Common Trees

Guava

Guava (*Psidium guajava*) is a fruit-producing evergreen shrub that grows natively in the Caribbean region and South America. Guava attracts the honey bee and other insects, and guava fruit is edible. Additionally, guava wood is used for smoking meat.

Silky oak

Because of its prolific blossoming, which can blanket the tree canopy and provide abundant shade, the southern silky oak is a good tree for parks. Its resplendent flowers attract bees, butterflies, and birds. Prior to the invention of aluminum, its wood, which is resistant to wood rot, was frequently used for external window joinery.

Red Silk Cotton Tree

3. Red Silk Cotton Tree

The name of the red Silk Cotton Tree (*Bombax ceiba*) comes from the capsules it produces that are chock-full of white fibers similar to cotton. The plant is found in Asia; in India, it's popular to plant it by roads, where its gorgeous crimson blooms cheer travelers.

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Red frangipani

4. Red frangipani

Red frangipani (Plumeria rubra) is a deciduous shrub or small tree native to Central and South America. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in tropical and subtropical climates. All parts of the plant are toxic when ingested due to their high alkaloid content.

Oleander

Nerium oleander, colloquially known as oleander, is a shrub or a small tree, known for its majestic pink five-lobed flowers and deep green lanceolate leaves. Oleander is one of the most poisonous popular decorative garden plants, so it is advised to keep small children and pets away from it.

Poinsettia

The poinsettia is a common sight in the United States during Christmastime. It was popularized by Albert Ecke after he emigrated to California from Germany. Today, 70 million poinsettias are sold in a 6-week period.

Common pear

The common pear is a tree whose fruit is widely popular and grown all over the world. One way this fruit is unique is that it contains hard particles (called stone cells) within in its flesh that provides a gritty feel when eating. Common pear, when properly cared for, can have a life span of 50-75 years.

Sacred fig

Sacred fig or Ficus religiosa, gets its name because it is considered sacred to Buddhism, Jainism, and Hinduism. Although a member of the mulberry family, the sap of the sacred fig may cause skin reactions if handled.

Peach

Peach is native to Northwest China. China, Spain, and Italy are the top three producers of peaches world-wide. The peach is also the state fruit of Georgia. Peach production in the US in 2017 was valued at $599 million. The fruit has a yellow or white flesh, a sweet aroma, and a skin that is either velvety (peaches) or smooth (nectarines).

Champak

Although the champak (Magnolia champaca) has delightful flowers, they aren't popular in ornamental landscaping. In heavily deforested parts of Java, where the forests have been clearcut, the champak is used for reforestation. The flowers are also used to make yellow dyes and in one of the most expensive perfumes in the world. They can take up to 15 years to bloom!

Drooping prickly pear

11. Drooping prickly pear

Drooping prickly pear (*Opuntia monacantha*) is a fast-growing succulent shrub that will grow up to 6 m tall. It blooms in summer with yellowish to deep orange flowers that are large, up to 8 cm long, and 10 cm wide. The large fruit is reddish-purple and ripens in the fall. It grows best in full sun and sandy, well-drained soil.

Blue jacaranda

12. Blue jacaranda

Blue jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia) is a plant species native to southern South America. Blue jacaranda grows in many cities around the world. Pretoria, South Africa is known as the Jacaranda City. The blue jacaranda is often referenced in songs and literature.

Mandarin orange

13. Mandarin orange

The mandarin orange (Citrus reticulata) is a citrus fruit tree. It is famed for its Mandarin oranges, a commonly consumed fruit which can be eaten plain or used in salads. During the Chinese New Year, the fruit is considered a symbol of good fortune.

Yellow oleander

14. Yellow oleander

Yellow oleander is extremely toxic and many cases of accidental poisonings have been recorded. The toxic oils found in this plant are sometimes used in pest control measures. However, the Cascabela thevetia does have significance in some religious ceremonies, specifically the worshiping of Shiva, a Hindu deity.

Papaya

Papaya is a fruit-bearing plant that originates from Central America. The fruits are edible and sweet and juicy when ripe. An enzyme collected from the milky sap is used as a meat softener, which if ingested may be toxic. Keeping a papaya plant in your garden will welcome many birds to your landscape.

Himalayan pine

16. Himalayan pine

Himalayan pine is a conifer tree commonly grown in parks and big gardens. It is favored for its unique appearance and ability to tolerate areas with significant air pollution. You can typically find this tree in rocky mountains and alongside glaciers. It is a source of high-quality turpentine.

Orchid tree

17. Orchid tree

Orchid tree (Bauhinia variegata) is a partially deciduous shrub-like tree that can grow from 6 to 8 m tall. Large fragrant flowers resembling orchids blossom from winter to spring. The colors of the flowers range from orchid purple to light pink all in the same blossom. A fast-growing tree that blooms best in full sun makes a spectacular street tree when grown in warm climates.

Bentham's cornel

18. Bentham's cornel

Bentham's cornel (Cornus capitata) is an evergreen dogwood tree from the Himalayan region. It has also been naturalized in New Zealand and eastern Australia. The flowers bloom from early to mid-summer, and fleshy red fruit appears by fall. The fruit is edible, but can taste bitter.

Pomegranate

19. Pomegranate

Pomegranate (Punica granatum) is a deciduous shrub or small tree, native to western and southern parts of Asia. It has a long history of cultivation and rich symbolism in polytheistic religions. Fruits of pomegranate play an important role in many West Asian cuisines. Aside from culinary uses, this fruit-bearing shrub is also cultivated for ornamental purposes.

Barbados nut

20. Barbados nut

The barbados nut (Jatropha curcas) plant is cultivated throughout the world for ornamental uses because of its rapid growth. Since cattle will not consume the leaves, it works very well as a living fence around grazing areas. Oil is extracted from the nuts and used as a torch fuel and burns so well that the fires are not affected by strong winds!

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