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Top 20 Most Common Trees in Tanzania

Tanzania's diverse climate and varied soil conditions provide a favorable environment for a range of native trees. Among the emblematic trees found in this region are Siamese cassia, Neem tree, and Royal poinciana. Each of these trees holds significant cultural and ecological value within Tanzania. They contribute to the country's rich biodiversity and ecosystem health, while also playing a vital role in local traditions and practices.

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Most Common Trees
Siamese cassia
1. Siamese cassia
Senna siamea (Burmese: မယ်ဇလီ, mezali; Thai: ขี้เหล็ก, khilek), also known as Siamese cassia, kassod tree, cassod tree and cassia tree, is a legume in the subfamily Caesalpinioideae. It is native to South and Southeast Asia, although its exact origin is unknown. It is a medium-size, evergreen tree growing up to 18 m with yellow flowers. It is often used as shade tree in cocoa, coffee and tea plantations. In Thailand it is the provincial tree of Chaiyaphum Province and some places in the country are named after it. Leaves are alternate, pinnately compound, with slender, green-reddish, tinged axis and 6 to 12 pairs of leaflets on short stalks, rounded at both ends.
Plant Height:
18 m
Neem tree
2. Neem tree
Neem tree (*Azadirachta indica*) is a flowering tree species related to mahogany and with an appearance similar to that of the chinaberry tree. For centuries, it has played an important role in Indian culture. Commercially, the neem tree is used to produce neem oil, pesticides, and cosmetics.
Plant Height:
15 m to 40 m
Yellow oleander
3. Yellow oleander
Yellow oleander is extremely toxic and many cases of accidental poisonings have been recorded. The toxic oils found in this plant are sometimes used in pest control measures. However, the Cascabela thevetia does have significance in some religious ceremonies, specifically the worshiping of Shiva, a Hindu deity.
Plant Height:
1.8 m to 2.5 m
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Royal poinciana
4. Royal poinciana
Royal poinciana (Delonix regia) is also known as the “peacock tree” or the “flamboyant tree.” It’s a Madagascar native and is known for its brilliant crimson or red-yellow flowers. It grows exceedingly fast, reaching its maximum height of around 12 m in a short amount of time.
Plant Height:
8 m to 12 m
Tropical almond
5. Tropical almond
Tropical almond is grown commonly as an ornamental tree. It is prized for its ability to provide shade with its large leaves. These leaves are commonly used in aquariums by fish breeders for their ability to lower the pH and heavy metal content of the water. Although the fruit of the tropical almond is edible, the taste is slightly acidic.
Plant Height:
35 m
Guava
6. Guava
Guava (*Psidium guajava*) is a fruit-producing evergreen shrub that grows natively in the Caribbean region and South America. Guava attracts the honey bee and other insects, and guava fruit is edible. Additionally, guava wood is used for smoking meat.
Plant Height:
8 m to 13 m
Mango tree
7. Mango tree
Mango tree is a large tree native to the Indian subcontinent. It is most well-known for the tropical fruit it produces, and mango is the national fruit of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines. Mango tree can also be used for wood after the tree’s fruit production is over. This type of wood is highly prized for making musical instruments.
Plant Height:
10 m to 20 m
Apple of Sodom
8. Apple of Sodom
Apple of Sodom, or Calotropis procera, is an extremely poisonous plant. The fruit of this plant ripens and bursts, causing the seeds to scatter. In Jamaica, the fibers inside of the fruit are collected and used to stuff pillows.
Plant Height:
1.8 m to 2.5 m
Manila tamarind
9. Manila tamarind
While the Pithecellobium dulce has pods that closely resemble tamarind, they actually peel away easily. The edible flesh is then separated and eaten on its own or prepared in dishes. Also known as manila tamarind, it has a spiny tree that can grow up to 20 m tall.
Plant Height:
10 m to 15 m
Pencil cactus
10. Pencil cactus
Pencil cactus (Euphorbia tirucalli) is a small tree shrub that grows best in warm arid climates and is named for its pencil-sized succulent branches. Pencil cactus is native to black clay soils in Africa and can be poisonous if ingested. It produces a latex compound that can be poisonous and cause blindness.
Plant Height:
2 m to 9 m
Silky oak
11. Silky oak
Because of its prolific blossoming, which can blanket the tree canopy and provide abundant shade, the southern silky oak is a good tree for parks. Its resplendent flowers attract bees, butterflies, and birds. Prior to the invention of aluminum, its wood, which is resistant to wood rot, was frequently used for external window joinery.
Plant Height:
5 m to 40 m
Blue jacaranda
12. Blue jacaranda
Blue jacaranda (Jacaranda mimosifolia) is a plant species native to southern South America. Blue jacaranda grows in many cities around the world. Pretoria, South Africa is known as the Jacaranda City. The blue jacaranda is often referenced in songs and literature.
Plant Height:
5 m to 20 m
Chinaberry tree
13. Chinaberry tree
The chinaberry tree is considered an invasive species in many areas because of its tendency to grow into impassable thickets and crowd out other plants. The entire chinaberry tree is poisonous to humans and many other animals, although cows and some birds have no problems eating the fruit.
Plant Height:
7 m to 12 m
Papaya
14. Papaya
Papaya is a fruit-bearing plant that originates from Central America. The fruits are edible and sweet and juicy when ripe. An enzyme collected from the milky sap is used as a meat softener, which if ingested may be toxic. Keeping a papaya plant in your garden will welcome many birds to your landscape.
Plant Height:
6 m to 10 m
Red frangipani
15. Red frangipani
Red frangipani (Plumeria rubra) is a deciduous shrub or small tree native to Central and South America. It is widely cultivated as an ornamental plant in tropical and subtropical climates. All parts of the plant are toxic when ingested due to their high alkaloid content.
Plant Height:
2 m to 8 m
Yellow trumpetbush
16. Yellow trumpetbush
Although the yellow trumpetbush have beautiful and bright flowers that can be pleasing to look at, this plant is considered an invasive weed in multiple countries. A native of the southern United States, Mexico, the Caribbean, Peru and Ecuador, this plant is often found on roadsides, riparian areas, disturbed sites, and other wasteland areas.
Plant Height:
6 m to 9 m
Woman's tongue
17. Woman's tongue
Woman's tongue (Albizia lebbeck) is a deciduous tree that can grow to 30 m tall. It has a rounded canopy and gray, rough, cork-like bark. Blooms in spring with greenish yellow flowers. Produces long hanging seed pods. Invades pine lands and hammocks, disrupting the natural flora and fauna. The wood is naturally termite resistant and is often used in furniture making.
Plant Height:
18 m to 30 m
Baobab
18. Baobab
Baobab (Adansonia digitata) is indigenous to Africa, Australia, Madagascar, and the Arabian Peninsula. It thrives in areas that are dry and hot. It lives longer than virtually all other living things, and there are specimens alive today that are 3,000 years old or more. It has a large, water-filled trunk that is 28 m or more in circumference.
Plant Height:
4.5 m to 24 m
Avocado
19. Avocado
Persea americana, widely known as the avocado plant, is an evergreen tree (semi-deciduous in cooler climates) that is native to Central America. It is cultivated all over the world for its nutritious fruits. Avocado has become an important plant in many cuisines due to its high nutrient and fat content, creamy texture, and distinct taste.
Plant Height:
10 m to 20 m
Golden wonder tree
20. Golden wonder tree
Golden wonder tree is a deciduous tree with a height ranging from 2 to 15 m, fast-growing with a leafy canopy.
Plant Height:
4.5 m to 6 m
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More Plants in Tanzania

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Most Common Toxic Plants

Tanzania's diverse ecosystems, ranging from tropical rainforests to savannas, create a hospitable milieu for various flora, including toxic species. Factors such as climate variability, ecological niches, and evolutionary pressures have supported the prevalence of poisonous vegetation. Notably, , , and contribute to the spectrum of toxic plants found in the region, posing potential risks to both humans and wildlife.

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Most Common Flowers

Tanzania, known for its diverse habitats, has a climate and soil conducive to the growth of various native flowers. The region's rich biodiversity provides a thriving environment for , , and to bloom resplendently. These flowers not only showcase visual beauty but also hold cultural and ecological importance. However, further research from trustworthy sources is needed to explore the specifics of each flower and their significance in Tanzania's ecosystem.

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Most Common Flowers of Spring

As Spring dawns in Tanzania, the land bursts into life, with warmer climes and gentle rains nurturing a multicolored canvas of flora. Among the season's first heralds are the vibrant , the symbolically rich , and the vital, pollen-rich . These blooms not only mark the season's commencement but also play a crucial role in the local ecosystem, bringing with them a period of renewal and growth.

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Most Common Spring Fruits

Spring in Tanzania is a season of moderate rainfall and warm temperatures, a time when the land is imbued with vitality. This conducive climate encourages the ripening of diverse fruit plants. Among them, reaches plump perfection, becomes juicy and ready for harvest, while bursts into ripe sweetness. These fruits not only mark the season's essence but are also a vital source of nutrition and joy for the local communities.

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Most Common Fruits

Tanzania's tropical climate, fertile soils, and consistent rainfall create an ideal environment for cultivating a variety of local fruit plants. Native flora like , , and thrive here, deeply rooted in Tanzanian culinary traditions and cultural practices. These plants not only contribute to the country's food diversity but also play a significant role in the local economy, nourishing communities and sustaining livelihoods.

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Most Common Weeds

Tanzania's warm climate and seasonal rains create a hospitable environment for various garden weeds. The most common ones that vex gardeners include , , and , which spread rapidly and often compete with crops for nutrients and space. These prolific invaders challenge both small-scale garden landscapes and larger agricultural settings, requiring regular and mindful weed management practices to maintain plant health and soil integrity.

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Most Common Tall Trees

Tanzania's lush landscapes, kissed by equatorial rainfalls and interspersed with montane regions, are nature's skyscrapers nurturing grounds. Among these, , , and stand as verdant giants, piercing the canopy and pointing towards the heavens. These architectural wonders of nature hold ecological and historical significance, embodying the rich biodiversity and cultural heritage of the land. The towering trees of Tanzania are testament to the perfect harmony of climate and terrain that seeds such colossal growth.

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Most Common Flowers of Winter

Winter in Tanzania may seem cold and harsh, but amidst the frosty environment, certain flowers bravely bloom. Among them are , , and . These resilient blooms showcase their beauty and symbolic depth, thriving in the serene cold of Winter.

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Most Common Plants

In Tanzania, you can find Siamese cassia, White leadtree, Common lantana, Neem tree, Yellow oleander, and more! There are 50 types of plants in total. Be sure to look out for these common plants when you’re walking on the streets, in parks, or public gardens.

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