Top 20 Most Common Trees in Suriname

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Top 20 Most Common Trees in Suriname

Suriname's climatic conditions, characterized by high rainfall and tropical temperatures, provide an ideal environment for diverse native trees. Among the emblematic trees of this territory are Mango tree, Spiked pepper, and Tropical almond. These trees hold significant cultural and ecological value within the region. They contribute to the local ecosystem by providing habitat for wildlife, improving soil fertility, and supporting traditional practices. The rich biodiversity of Suriname's forests is a testament to the importance of preserving these native trees and the unique environment they thrive in.

Most Common Trees

Mango tree

Mango tree is a large tree native to the Indian subcontinent. It is most well-known for the tropical fruit it produces, and mango is the national fruit of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines. Mango tree can also be used for wood after the tree’s fruit production is over. This type of wood is highly prized for making musical instruments.

Spiked pepper

2. Spiked pepper

Spiked pepper can be found throughout most of Central and South America. It is known for its intense peppery fragrance. It is quick to colonize clearings and grazing land, but livestock will not eat it, so spiked pepper is often considered a weed.

Carambola

Carambola (Averrhoa carambola) is a tree that’s indigenous to lush and steamy regions of Southeast Asia. Another name for it is star fruit. People call it this because when you slice it in half, you’ll see an unmistakable star shape. Not only is the fruit tasty, but it also reportedly has health benefits.

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Tropical almond

4. Tropical almond

Tropical almond is grown commonly as an ornamental tree. It is prized for its ability to provide shade with its large leaves. These leaves are commonly used in aquariums by fish breeders for their ability to lower the pH and heavy metal content of the water. Although the fruit of the tropical almond is edible, the taste is slightly acidic.

Upland Cotton

5. Upland Cotton

Upland Cotton (*Gossypium hirsutum*) is the most commonly planted agricultural cotton. An annual to perennial shrub whose large yellow to white cup-shaped flowers bloom in summer. Flowers are replaced by the cotton boll which contains the cotton fiber and about 36 seeds. Grows best in full sun and in clay sandy or loamy well-drained soil.

Sacred fig

Sacred fig or Ficus religiosa, gets its name because it is considered sacred to Buddhism, Jainism, and Hinduism. Although a member of the mulberry family, the sap of the sacred fig may cause skin reactions if handled.

Money tree

Colloquially known as the money tree, this is a tropical species that's commonly cultivated in moist, warm climates. The name comes from an old tall tale, but it has led to the money tree being considered a talisman of good fortune. Bonsai versions are often trained during growth to develop braided trunks, which gives them a striking decorative appearance. Modern research suggests the nuts are potentially carcinogenic and should not be consumed.

Peacock flower

8. Peacock flower

The peacock flower, Barbados' national flower, is a striking ornamental plant commonly grown in public and private gardens. Although the seeds of this flower are toxic if consumed, the fruits are edible. Some parts of this plant are used as medicine by Indonesians and West Indians. This plant is toxic to dogs and cats but provides food for butterflies and bees.

Surinam cherry

9. Surinam cherry

The fruit of the surinam cherry (Eugenia uniflora) is edible, but only after it has ripened to a deep, blood-red color. The seeds, however, should be avoided. Surinam cherry is cultivated ornamentally around the world, in both shrub and tree form.

Lipstick tree

10. Lipstick tree

Lipstick tree gets its common name from the red dye that is often made from its flowers. In the Amazon, the lipstick tree was also used for cosmetics. The seeds of this tree are known as annatto, and are made into the food dye E160b.

Apple of Sodom

11. Apple of Sodom

Apple of Sodom, or Calotropis procera, is an extremely poisonous plant. The fruit of this plant ripens and bursts, causing the seeds to scatter. In Jamaica, the fibers inside of the fruit are collected and used to stuff pillows.

Papaya

Papaya is a fruit-bearing plant that originates from Central America. The fruits are edible and sweet and juicy when ripe. An enzyme collected from the milky sap is used as a meat softener, which if ingested may be toxic. Keeping a papaya plant in your garden will welcome many birds to your landscape.

Bridal bouquet

13. Bridal bouquet

Bridal bouquet (Plumeria pudica) is an evergreen tropical tree that features unusual spoon-shaped leaves and is known for its flowers. Unlike other plumerias, these blooms do not have any fragrance. This tropical tree grows in full sunlight and requires well-drained soil.

Acerola cherry

14. Acerola cherry

Acerola cherry (Malpighia emarginata) is an evergreen shrub native to southern Mexico, Central America, and South America. This species is also called the West Indian cherry. This species bears edible fruit with a large amount of vitamin C. Acerola cherry can also be planted as a bonsai species for ornamental purposes.

Cocoa tree

Cocoa tree (Theobroma cacao) is the plant used to make chocolate. Its seeds, called cocoa beans, are processed into all kinds of chocolate products. The plant is native to tropical parts of the Americas and has been introduced as a cash crop around the world. Part of its scientific name comes from Greek and means "food of the gods."

Egyptian-privet

16. Egyptian-privet

Egyptian-privet (Lawsonia inermis) is a shrub or multi-stemmed tree that can grow from 1.8 to 5 m tall. Also known as the henna tree, it blooms in late spring or early summer with fragrant white flowers. Tolerant to both heat and drought, it thrives in warm climates with dry soil. It is used to produce henna dye, which comes from its leaves. It has become invasive in areas of China and Cuba.

Cashew

It may surprise you to know that cashew (Anacardium occidentale) is related to poison ivy, pistachio, and even mango! It is a tropical evergreen native to Brazil and produces a wood used to build shipping crates, boats, and charcoal. The resin in the shells of the fruits are used to make insecticides and plastics, so the nuts must be separated from the shells before being sold as food. Explorers from Portugal are responsible for introducing cashews to the outside world.

Bacaba palm

18. Bacaba palm

Oenocarpus bacaba is an economically important monoecious fruiting palm native to South America and the Amazon Rainforest, which has edible fruits. This plant is cited in Flora Brasiliensis by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius. It can reach up to 20–25 metres tall and 15 to 25 cm in diameter. It grows in well-drained sandy soils of the Amazon basin.

Wacapou

Wacapou is a large canopy tree found in the Amazon Rainforest. Its wood is highly valued for construction due to its strength and durability.

Sandboxtree

20. Sandboxtree

Sandboxtree is an evergreen tree native to the tropics of the Americas. The sap of the tree is poisonous, but its wood is used for building furniture. The common name of this tree comes from its seed capsules, which were once cut in half to make small boxes that held sand for drying ink from old-fashioned pens before the invention of the modern fountain pen.

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