Top 20 Most Common Trees in Togo

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Top 20 Most Common Trees in Togo

Togo's climate and soil conditions provide a favorable environment for the growth of native trees. Amongst these, three emblematic trees include Senegal mahogany, Red syringa, and Mobola plum. These trees hold great significance in the region, whether culturally or ecologically. They contribute to the country's biodiversity, provide habitat for various species, and have traditional uses that enrich the local culture. Their presence highlights the importance of preserving Togo's unique natural heritage.

Most Common Trees

Senegal mahogany

1. Senegal mahogany

The senegal mahogany is a medium-sized tree native to the tropical regions of West Africa. Its fruit changes from gray to black when ripe and discharges winged seeds to be dispersed by the wind. Its wood, Khaya senegalensis, is used for various purposes, including but not limited to interior trimming, construction, carpentry, and fuel.

Red syringa

Leaves are bipinnately compound, silvery pubescent or glabrescent. Flowers are creamy white, fragrant and in pendulous racemes of up to 30 cm in length.

Monkey guava

3. Monkey guava

Native to the African savanna, monkey guava (Diospyros mespiliformis) is an important food source for African animals. Grazing animals typically eat its leaves, while jackals, in particular, are fond of its fruit, leading to another nickname: jackalberry. It frequently grows over termite mounds because the termites aerate the soil around it, while it offers them protection from the sun.

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Mobola plum

Mobola plum is a tree species native to Africa. The fruit of the tree is a popular source of food for humans and wildlife, and is known to be rich in Vitamin C. The wood of the mobola plum is durable and has been used in furniture-making and as fuelwood.

Variable combretum

5. Variable combretum

Variable combretum is most notable for its strangely shaped fruit. These dark brown fruits are four-winged and variable in shape, explaining the common name of the tree. Sadly though, they are not edible fruits.

Cashew

It may surprise you to know that cashew (Anacardium occidentale) is related to poison ivy, pistachio, and even mango! It is a tropical evergreen native to Brazil and produces a wood used to build shipping crates, boats, and charcoal. The resin in the shells of the fruits are used to make insecticides and plastics, so the nuts must be separated from the shells before being sold as food. Explorers from Portugal are responsible for introducing cashews to the outside world.

Wild custard apple

7. Wild custard apple

Wild custard apple is a common fruit in African markets, sought for its pineapple-like smell, sweet taste and use for flavoring ice cream and other treats. It is also frequently grazed by livestock, and its bark is sometimes used to make insecticides.

Bush fig

The bush fig is also called the broom cluster fig because of the drooping clusters of fruit it produces in the spring and summer. The fruits attract a wide variety of birds and even fruit bats. The large tree, growing up to 35 meters, is perhaps most valued for the shade it provides across African countries.

Common bushweed

9. Common bushweed

The common bushweed (*Flueggea virosa*) is a bushy shrub that produces white, waxy fruits favored by animals and birds. Native to Southern Africa on woodland margins and riverbanks, it has also become naturalized in Hawaii and parts of China, where it is invasive and disruptive to local ecosystems. Common bushweed branches are regularly used to create handmade fish traps.

Tamarind

Tamarind is a monotypic perennial tree grown for its timber and edible fruits. Tamarind trees yield brown seed fruits with a sweet, acidic pulp used in various varieties of cuisines around the world. The pulp is also used as a metal polish.

Baobab

Baobab (Adansonia digitata) is indigenous to Africa, Australia, Madagascar, and the Arabian Peninsula. It thrives in areas that are dry and hot. It lives longer than virtually all other living things, and there are specimens alive today that are 3,000 years old or more. It has a large, water-filled trunk that is 28 m or more in circumference.

Kapok tree

Kapok tree (Ceiba pentandra) is a rain forest plant that can shoot up to as much as 61 m. It towers over every other plant in its native habitat. The trunk can get as wide as 3 m in diameter. Its nooks and crannies are hosts to a staggering array of both plant and animal species, including birds and frogs.

Poison tree

13. Poison tree

The poison tree is a large tropical tree whose latex is used as a traditional poison coating for arrows and darts. The inner bark that gives the toxins is also used for making cloth, sandals, sacks, mats, and paper. It also contains tannins which can be used for dyeing. Its seeds are dispersed by birds and bats.

African oil palm

14. African oil palm

African oil palm is a tall palm (up to 20 m tall), widely cultivated for oil production. The oil is extracted from the pulp of the fruit and the kernel (seed). It is native to west and southwest Africa, but it's naturalized in many parts of the world.

Aroma

Aroma (Dichrostachys cinerea) is a legume species as known as sicklebush, Bell mimosa, Chinese lantern tree and Kalahari Christmas tree. Aroma is native to Africa, the Indian subcontinent and North Australia. This species is a serious invasive species problem in Cuba.

Teak

Teak (Tectona grandis) is a tropical, deciduous hardwood tree highly valued for its wood and oil. Can grow to 40 m tall. The wood’s natural oil makes it termite-resistant, and the tight grain makes it weather-resistant and popular for outdoor furniture construction.

Neem tree

Neem tree (*Azadirachta indica*) is a flowering tree species related to mahogany and with an appearance similar to that of the chinaberry tree. For centuries, it has played an important role in Indian culture. Commercially, the neem tree is used to produce neem oil, pesticides, and cosmetics.

Fried-egg tree

18. Fried-egg tree

Fried-egg tree (Oncoba spinosa) is a shrub or small tree that will grow to 4.5 m tall. It blooms from fall to winter with showy fragrant white flowers with bright yellow centers that resemble fried eggs. Flowers attract butterflies. The hard shells of the fruit are used to make snuff boxes. Common names include snuff-box tree and fried egg tree.

Apple of Sodom

19. Apple of Sodom

Apple of Sodom, or Calotropis procera, is an extremely poisonous plant. The fruit of this plant ripens and bursts, causing the seeds to scatter. In Jamaica, the fibers inside of the fruit are collected and used to stuff pillows.

Mango tree

Mango tree is a large tree native to the Indian subcontinent. It is most well-known for the tropical fruit it produces, and mango is the national fruit of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines. Mango tree can also be used for wood after the tree’s fruit production is over. This type of wood is highly prized for making musical instruments.

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Most Common Fruits

Togo's tropical climate and fertile soils create an ideal environment for various fruit plants. Significant local varieties including , , and thrive in such conditions. These plants hold not only nutritional value but are also deeply interwoven with the cultural fabric of the community, often used in traditional recipes and ceremonies. These fruit plants contribute to the nation's biodiversity and the local economy, supporting the agricultural sector.

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Most Common Weeds

Togo's tropical climate, marked by abundant rainfall and warm temperatures, creates an ideal breeding ground for a variety of garden weeds. Among the most common, , , and are notorious for their rapid growth and resilience, often outcompeting native species and challenging gardeners. Effective management of these invasive weeds requires persistent efforts to maintain plant biodiversity and ensure healthy gardens.

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Most Common Tall Trees

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Most Common Plants

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